{"id":795,"date":"2026-05-27T14:49:45","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T12:49:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diamandmuseum-wordpress.caprover2.kavango.nl\/?page_id=795"},"modified":"2026-05-27T14:49:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T12:49:45","slug":"polishing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/polishing\/","title":{"rendered":"Polishing"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group has-base-color has-accent-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ba63a1b4f9b3cf0265ab98e0ef4cae76 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"min-height:5vh;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-d9c913d5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-fa08612f wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ddf96df5 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\"><nav style=\"font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:200\" class=\"is-responsive items-justified-left wp-block-navigation is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-49b994a3 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"Navigatie\" \n\t\t data-wp-interactive=\"core\/navigation\" data-wp-context='{\"overlayOpenedBy\":{\"click\":false,\"hover\":false,\"focus\":false},\"type\":\"overlay\",\"roleAttribute\":\"\",\"ariaLabel\":\"Menu\"}'><button aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Menu openen\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open always-shown\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.openMenuOnClick\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\"\n\t\t\t><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M5 5v1.5h14V5H5z\"><\/path><path d=\"M5 12.8h14v-1.5H5v1.5z\"><\/path><path d=\"M5 19h14v-1.5H5V19z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container hidden-by-default has-text-color has-base-color has-background has-accent-3-background-color\"  id=\"modal-1\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--has-modal-open=\"state.isMenuOpen\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-class--is-menu-open=\"state.isMenuOpen\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-watch=\"callbacks.initMenu\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleMenuKeydown\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--focusout=\"actions.handleMenuFocusout\"\n\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"-1\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-close\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-modal=\"state.ariaModal\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.ariaLabel\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--role=\"state.roleAttribute\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button aria-label=\"Menu sluiten\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.closeMenuOnClick\"\n\t\t\t><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"m13.06 12 6.47-6.47-1.06-1.06L12 10.94 5.53 4.47 4.47 5.53 10.94 12l-6.47 6.47 1.06 1.06L12 13.06l6.47 6.47 1.06-1.06L13.06 12Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content\" \n\t\t\t\tdata-wp-watch=\"callbacks.focusFirstElement\"\n\t\t\t id=\"modal-1-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul style=\"font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:200\" class=\"wp-block-navigation__container is-responsive items-justified-left wp-block-navigation\"><li style=\"font-size: 12px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"\/nl\/contact\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Contact &amp; Bezoek<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 12px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/tickets\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Tickets<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 12px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/history\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Geschiedenis<\/span><\/a><\/li><li style=\"font-size: 12px\" class=\"wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link\"><a class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__content\"  href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/about-us\/\"><span class=\"wp-block-navigation-item__label\">Over ons<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/nav>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kma-menu-hide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/about-us\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"145\">Over<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kma-menu-hide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a style=\"text-decoration:none;\" href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/history\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"219\">Erfgoed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;flex-basis:40%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\" class=\"aligncenter wp-block-site-logo\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/\" class=\"custom-logo-link\" rel=\"home\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"77\" src=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Group-54-v.png\" class=\"custom-logo\" alt=\"Diamond Museum\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Group-54-v.png 582w, https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Group-54-v-300x77.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-medium-font-size is-content-justification-right is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8468eae6 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kma-deskmenu has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ddf96df5 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.royalcoster.com\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: white; font-size: 14px;\">\n  Winkel <i class=\"fa-regular fa-share-from-square\" style=\"font-size: 12px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n\n\n<div class=\"trp-block-container\"><div class=\"trp-shortcode-switcher__wrapper\"\r\n     style=\"--bg:#00263f00;--bg-hover:#ffffffb2;--text:#ffffff;--text-hover:#000000;--border:none;--border-width:0px;--border-color:transparent;--border-radius:3px;--flag-radius:2px;--flag-size:18px;--aspect-ratio:4\/3;--font-size:14px;--transition-duration:0.2s\"\r\n     role=\"group\"\r\n     data-open-mode=\"hover\">\r\n\r\n    \r\n        <!-- ANCHOR (in-flow only; sizing\/borders; inert) -->\r\n        <div class=\"trp-language-switcher trp-ls-dropdown trp-shortcode-switcher trp-shortcode-anchor trp-open-on-hover\"\r\n             aria-hidden=\"true\"\r\n             inert\r\n data-no-translation>\r\n                <div class=\"trp-current-language-item__wrapper\">\r\n        <a class=\"trp-language-item trp-language-item__default trp-language-item__current\" data-no-translation href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/795\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/translatepress-multilingual\/assets\/flags\/4x3\/nl_NL.svg\" class=\"trp-flag-image\" alt=\"\" role=\"presentation\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a>                    <svg class=\"trp-shortcode-arrow\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 20 21\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n                <path d=\"M5 8L10 13L15 8\" stroke=\"var(--text)\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\r\n            <\/svg>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- OVERLAY (positioned; interactive surface) -->\r\n        <div class=\"trp-language-switcher trp-ls-dropdown trp-shortcode-switcher trp-shortcode-overlay trp-open-on-hover\"\r\n             role=\"navigation\"\r\n             aria-label=\"Site taal kiezer\"\r\n             data-no-translation\r\n>\r\n                <div class=\"trp-current-language-item__wrapper\">\r\n        <div class=\"trp-language-item trp-language-item__default trp-language-item__current\" data-no-translation role=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Taal wijzigen\" aria-controls=\"trp-shortcode-dropdown-6a1e11f7cdf22\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/translatepress-multilingual\/assets\/flags\/4x3\/nl_NL.svg\" class=\"trp-flag-image\" alt=\"\" role=\"presentation\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/div>                    <svg class=\"trp-shortcode-arrow\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 20 21\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\r\n                <path d=\"M5 8L10 13L15 8\" stroke=\"var(--text)\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\r\n            <\/svg>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n    \r\n            <div class=\"trp-switcher-dropdown-list\"\r\n                 id=\"trp-shortcode-dropdown-6a1e11f7cdf22\"\r\n                 role=\"group\"\r\n                 aria-label=\"Beschikbare talen\"\r\n                 hidden\r\n inert\r\n>\r\n                                                            <a class=\"trp-language-item\" href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/795\" title=\"\">\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/translatepress-multilingual\/assets\/flags\/4x3\/en_US.svg\" class=\"trp-flag-image\" alt=\"Taal wijzigen naar English\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>                                                                                <\/a>\r\n                                                <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-border-color has-base-border-color has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/tickets\/\" style=\"border-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:5px;border-bottom-left-radius:5px;border-bottom-right-radius:5px;padding-top:1vh;padding-right:2vw;padding-bottom:1vh;padding-left:2vw;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:200\">Tickets<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover is-light\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;min-height:250px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-accent-1-background-color has-background-dim-100 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-cover-is-layout-6e9e3788 wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-accent-3-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63bba52f4fccc8f36de3bc08a220a259 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:clamp(23.043px, 1.44rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 1.466), 38px);font-style:normal;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:10%;line-height:1.1;text-transform:uppercase\">Polishing<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-82df9d81 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-99a96387 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In order to make a sparkling stone from a rough diamond, processing is necessary. This must be done very carefully because if mistakes are made the stone can disintegrate into many small fragments or can even burn up. The most important steps of the processing are cleaving or sawing, bruting and polishing. Because diamonds are composed of layers they can be split (cleaving). When faceting the diamond, one must take account of the &#8220;grain&#8221;, the direction in which the crystals have grown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From rough to polished<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To an important extent, the shape of the rough diamond determines what shape of diamond(s) can be polished from it. As a result of the sawing and polishing, the weight of the polished diamonds is considerably less than that of the rough stone, typically 60% less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cleaving<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cleaving (splitting) diamonds demands great knowledge on the part of the cleaver. The position where the stone is to be cloven or sawn is first marked with ink. Afterwards, the cleaver fixes the diamond to a cleaver&#8217;s stick with the aid of cleaver&#8217;s cement and, with another diamond, makes a V-shaped groove at the spot where the stone is to be cloven. He puts the blunt cleaving knife in the groove and gives a short blow with the mallet there. Then the diamond splits in two. The technique of cleaving is no longer practised very much. It has been largely replaced by sawing, or \u2014 with larger diamonds \u2014 by cutting with the aid of a laser beam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sawing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For sawing diamonds, a thin sawing disc (0.05 to 0.14 mm thick) made of phosphor bronze is used, the edge of which is coated with a mixture of diamond powder and oil. The stone is sawn at 4500 to 6500 revolutions per minute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cutting (bruting)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The still rough shape can be ground round by rubbing the diamond against another diamond \u2014 the &#8220;co-grinder&#8221;. The dust is collected and used for industrial purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Polishing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now the facets must be applied that make the diamond sparkle. In the past, this was done by securing the stone in a lead cap, which was held in place by a copper handle in wooden tongs. Precisely positioning the diamond in the cap was the work of the &#8220;setter&#8221;. Nowadays, the polisher places the stone directly in the polishing tongs. The facets are polished onto the stone using a horizontally rotating polishing wheel lubricated with oil and diamond powder. Through the polishing process, the stone sometimes loses as much as 70% of its weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Industrial applications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the industrial revolution, diamonds have found many applications thanks to their hardness. A selection of objects on the wall shows where that hardness counts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Drilling tools<\/strong>&nbsp; To drill holes in hard stone, bits having drilling surfaces with diamond grit are used. (Collection: Brus.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Sawing blades<\/strong>&nbsp; Saws with cutting edges coated in diamond grit can go through the hardest of stone. (Collection: Brus.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Surgical knives<\/strong>&nbsp; Surgical scalpels often have a blade of optical grade CVD material. CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) is a method to produce synthetic diamond crystals by heating carbon-rich gasses to a very high temperature in a near vacuum. Layers of diamond crystals are applied on a template, such as the blade of this scalpel, &#8220;like frost growing on a window&#8221;. The gallery displays scalpels for cosmetic surgery, eye surgery, bypass surgery and general surgery. (Courtesy Element Six.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Dentist tools<\/strong>&nbsp; Dentists use drills with a diamond drilling surface. (Collection: Brus.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Diamond plane<\/strong>&nbsp; A plane whose cutting edge is reinforced with diamond, used to work extremely hard materials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Diamond window<\/strong>&nbsp; In 1975 the Drukker Company of Amsterdam was commissioned by NASA to make a window for the Venus-Pioneer spaceship \u2014 one that would withstand the extreme temperature and pressure conditions in space. It also needed to be of great clarity to make observation possible. A round diamond of 3 mm thickness and 18 mm in diameter was polished from a 205-carat diamond from the South African Premier mine; 10 additional small windows each 9 mm in diameter were mounted around it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Rough diamond<\/strong>&nbsp; A rough diamond in a colour unsuitable for use in jewellery is crushed for industrial use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Lab grown diamond<\/strong>&nbsp; Since the nineteen-fifties it has been possible to produce diamond artificially. Today 95 to 99% of the diamond used in industry is synthetic \u2014 and the same growth process underlies lab-grown jewellery diamonds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Showpieces in this gallery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Golden Racket of the Diamond Games of Antwerp<\/strong>&nbsp; The tournament earned its nickname &#8220;Golden Racquet&#8221; because if a player won three times within a five-year span, she would receive a special trophy: a life-size, 13.2-pound gold racquet studded with 1,420 diamonds and valued at one million dollars. Only one player has achieved this in the history of the Diamond Games \u2014 Am\u00e9lie Mauresmo took the piece of art home in 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Katana, Japanese Sword<\/strong>&nbsp; Katana is the Japanese word for sword. This masterpiece was fabricated in the famous glass workshops of Murano, Venice; the solid piece of glass was molded into its final shape by hand at a temperature of 1200 degrees Celsius \u2014 an extremely delicate process known only to the Murano glass experts. Monique Zegerius, a Dutch glass artist, designed this Katana and commissioned the sword to be made in Murano to her specifications. Lili B., a Dutch jewel designer, had the difficult task of setting the diamonds and rubies. Drilling into this glass is impossible, because it would shatter; a very special process of high-pressure water &#8220;drilling&#8221; was used to attach the gold to the glass. The sword carries 1967 diamonds (54.48 carats total) and 494 rubies (10.69 carats total), set in 18-carat white and yellow gold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Tiara from the Russian Imperial Treasury (replica)<\/strong>&nbsp; The last empress of Russia to wear this 19th-century tiara was Alexandra Feodorovna, wife of Tsar Nicholas II. After the end of the monarchy and the murder of the imperial family, a large portion of the Russian crown jewels \u2014 this tiara included \u2014 was sold off by the communist regime. A small part of the originally enormous collection is currently on public display at the Kremlin Museum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>The Imperial State Crown of England (replica)<\/strong>&nbsp; For the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838, her predecessor&#8217;s coronation crown was not used; a new crown was forged for her. Since then this has been known as the Imperial State Crown and is usually worn by the English head of state every year during the ceremonial opening of Parliament. For the coronation of George VI in 1937, the crown frame \u2014 by then nearly a century old \u2014 proved too fragile. All the precious stones, including the Cullinan II diamond, the large red spinel also known as the &#8220;Black Prince&#8217;s Ruby&#8221; and the sapphire from Edward the Confessor&#8217;s coronation ring, were precisely reset into a new crown of exactly the same shape and design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Sceptre of Charles II of England<\/strong>&nbsp; Part of the English coronation regalia since 1661, the sovereign&#8217;s sceptre of King Charles II is set with 393 gemstones. During the coronation ceremony the reigning king or queen holds this sceptre in the right hand, while the sceptre with the dove is clasped in the left. Since 1910, the largest of the Cullinan diamonds \u2014 the &#8220;Star of Africa&#8221; (530 carats) \u2014 has glittered at the top of the sceptre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Circlet of Mary d&#8217;Este, Princess of Modena<\/strong>&nbsp; Queen Mary d&#8217;Este first wore this circlet, or diadem, at her coronation in 1685, during the procession from the palace to the church. That became a custom which continued until 1831. On the way back she wore the state crown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Crown of the Queen of Bavaria<\/strong>&nbsp; In 1806 Bavaria acquired the status of kingdom; two crowns, a sceptre, an orb and a sword were ordered from the Parisian jeweller Biennais. The crown made for the queen, set with pearls, diamonds, rubies and emeralds, is small in size \u2014 being 11 cm in diameter \u2014 and, as was customary for many queens in the 19th century, it balances on top of the head.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Crown of Louis XV of France<\/strong>&nbsp; The crown worn by Louis XV at his coronation in 1722 is famous because two magnificent diamonds were set in it: the Regent was positioned in the central fleur-de-lis ornament directly above the headband, while the Sancy was placed in the topmost leaf of the fleur-de-lis adorning the crossed arches. Today the original crown is displayed in the Louvre in Paris, set however with &#8220;diamonds&#8221; of glass.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Laurel wreath of Emperor Napoleon I of France<\/strong>&nbsp; For his coronation as &#8220;Emperor of the French by the Grace of God and the constitution of the Republic&#8221; on 2 December 1804, Napoleon I took the Roman emperors as his example. He crowned himself with a golden laurel wreath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Crown of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother<\/strong>&nbsp; Made for her coronation in 1937. The most important stone is the 105-carat Koh-i-Noor in the middle of the front cross. The Koh-i-Noor was re-polished by two master polishers of Coster Diamonds from Amsterdam in 1852.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Collier of the Maharaja of Baroda<\/strong>&nbsp; In 1853, a female slave in the Brazilian Bagagem mine discovered a large diamond of more than 254 carats. As a reward she received her freedom and an annuity from the mine owner. The stone was cut at the Coster Company in 1854 by the well-known cutter Louis Voorzanger. After the Star of the South (128.8 carats) had been displayed at the Paris World Exhibition of 1855, it was only sold ten years later, to the ruler of the Indian state of Baroda. The diamond was the centrepiece of the state necklace of this royal house, together with two other famous diamonds, the English Dresden and the Empress Eug\u00e9nie. In 2004 the stone was purchased by Cartier, the Parisian jewellers&#8217; house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Cullinan I through IX<\/strong>&nbsp; All nine Cullinan stones cut from the original rough diamond are part of the British Crown Jewels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>The rough Cullinan, 3,106 carats<\/strong>&nbsp; Found in 1905 in the Premier Mine, South Africa. The firm of Asscher in Amsterdam was commissioned in 1908 to cleave and polish the stone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>Original lead holder for polishing of the Cullinan<\/strong>&nbsp; The stone was set in a lead cap during polishing; the cap was held by a copper handle in the polishing tongs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2022 <strong>The Koh-i-Noor, original and present state<\/strong>&nbsp; In 1852 the diamond was re-cut by the famous cutter Louis Voorzanger and bruter Fedder of Coster Diamonds, on the orders of Queen Victoria. The stone was given an oval brilliant form and reduced in weight from 186 to 105.60 carats. In 1937 the Koh-i-Noor was set in the coronation crown of Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:150px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group kma-footer is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-accent-3-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-71f64726 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"\/nl\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"205\" height=\"117\" src=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DMA_logo_PMS424C-copy-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-101\" style=\"width:120px\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-53247d2ffd7c558c443c36c3b838f610 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bezoekersinformatie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-ced2cb2f1764c1993f55c4d12ec3105b wp-block-paragraph\">Dagelijks geopend van 9 tot 17 uur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-3e087c140c5bb6e7b9f9fa07f8a7ac59 wp-block-paragraph\">Paulus Potterstraat 6, Amsterdam<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-470551b9 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-4040c4fba13fd2e05d7d805c64604d8e wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Links<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-0a0c1622807513e6188f77ed6f684957 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/tickets\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"348\">Tickets<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-57268a57f09252f2da3c42e8ddfbf5ce wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/about-us\/\">Over<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-23a1b592744b0e00ae17eb84fc9984ab wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/history\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"219\">Geschiedenis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-05a9f72963fb33c49b16e4f57cf7fb31 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.royalcoster.com\/en\">Winkel<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-f2d3caf0e62b9f8ec9422112c440a7b4 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/contact\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"288\">Contact<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-55c52b3e23e59a2e91bb729d08a1e1be wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Volg ons op socials<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/diamondmuseum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: white;\">\n  <i class=\"fa-brands fa-instagram\" style=\"font-size: 18px; \"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/diamondmuseumroyalcoster\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: white;\">\n  <i class=\"fa-brands fa-square-facebook\" style=\"font-size: 18px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-base-color has-accent-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-ac4559f1399efadeadf381e683d1281a has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-7667b874 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-b9ff8c46ff856725935f41ac40a4895b wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Mis niets<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-20498ed96c9844bacd8ccf2a3e8d8fb4 wp-block-paragraph\">Blijf op de hoogte van onze tentoonstellingen en nieuws<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/diamondmuseumroyalcoster\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"text-decoration: none; color: white;\">\n  <i class=\"fa-brands fa-square-facebook\" style=\"font-size: 18px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/i>\n<\/a>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-5c98f882c4cd6473f3ad92bf79a65be4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Abonneren<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-accent-1-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-6307ccba977c6f7a1c5586732b801c09 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-77bede8f wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-bb1abd1a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:0\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a9 2026 Diamantmuseum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\">Website door <a href=\"https:\/\/kavango.nl\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/kavango.nl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kavango<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In order to make a sparkling stone from a rough diamond, processing is necessary. This must be done very carefully because if mistakes are made the stone can disintegrate into many small fragments or can even burn up. The most important steps of the processing are cleaving or sawing, bruting and polishing. Because diamonds are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"kma-clean","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-795","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/795","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=795"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/795\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":796,"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/795\/revisions\/796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diamondmuseum.com\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}